/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package jupitermouse.site.example.time190804.goods;

import jupitermouse.site.example.time190804.goods.entity.UserBehavior;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.AggregateFunction;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.FilterFunction;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.state.ListState;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.state.ListStateDescriptor;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.io.PojoCsvInputFormat;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple1;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.typeutils.PojoTypeInfo;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.typeutils.TypeExtractor;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.core.fs.Path;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.TimeCharacteristic;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.KeyedProcessFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.timestamps.AscendingTimestampExtractor;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.windowing.WindowFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.windowing.time.Time;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.windowing.windows.TimeWindow;
import org.apache.flink.util.Collector;

import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

public class HotItems {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		// 创建 execution environment
		StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

		// 告诉系统按照 EventTime 处理
		env.setStreamTimeCharacteristic(TimeCharacteristic.EventTime);

		// 为了打印到控制台的结果不乱序，我们配置全局的并发为1，改变并发对结果正确性没有影响
		env.setParallelism(1);

		//模拟数据源
		DataStreamSource<UserBehavior> dataStreamSource = buildCsvResource(env);

		dataStreamSource
			// 抽取出时间和生成 watermark
			.assignTimestampsAndWatermarks(new AscendingTimestampExtractor<UserBehavior>() {
				@Override
				public long extractAscendingTimestamp(UserBehavior userBehavior) {
					// 原始数据单位秒，将其转成毫秒
					return userBehavior.getTimestamp() * 1000;
				}
			})
			// 过滤出只有点击的数据
			.filter(new FilterFunction<UserBehavior>() {
				@Override
				public boolean filter(UserBehavior userBehavior) throws Exception {
					// 过滤出只有点击的数据
					return userBehavior.getBehavior().equals("pv");
				}
			})
			.keyBy("itemId")
			.timeWindow(Time.minutes(60), Time.minutes(5))
			.aggregate(new CountAgg(), new WindowResultFunction())

			.keyBy("windowEnd")
			.process(new TopNHotItems(3))
			.print();

		env.execute("Hot Items Job");
	}

	/** 求某个窗口中前 N 名的热门点击商品，key 为窗口时间戳，输出为 TopN 的结果字符串 */
	public static class TopNHotItems extends KeyedProcessFunction<Tuple, ItemViewCount, String> {

		private final int topSize;

		public TopNHotItems(int topSize) {
			this.topSize = topSize;
		}

		// 用于存储商品与点击数的状态，待收齐同一个窗口的数据后，再触发 TopN 计算
		private ListState<ItemViewCount> itemState;

		@Override
		public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
			super.open(parameters);
			ListStateDescriptor<ItemViewCount> itemsStateDesc = new ListStateDescriptor<>(
				"itemState-state",
				ItemViewCount.class);
			itemState = getRuntimeContext().getListState(itemsStateDesc);
		}

		@Override
		public void processElement(
			ItemViewCount input,
			Context context,
			Collector<String> collector) throws Exception {

			// 每条数据都保存到状态中
			itemState.add(input);
			// 注册 windowEnd+1 的 EventTime Timer, 当触发时，说明收齐了属于windowEnd窗口的所有商品数据
			context.timerService().registerEventTimeTimer(input.windowEnd + 1);
		}

		@Override
		public void onTimer(
			long timestamp, OnTimerContext ctx, Collector<String> out) throws Exception {
			// 获取收到的所有商品点击量
			List<ItemViewCount> allItems = new ArrayList<>();
			for (ItemViewCount item : itemState.get()) {
				allItems.add(item);
			}
			// 提前清除状态中的数据，释放空间
			itemState.clear();
			// 按照点击量从大到小排序
			allItems.sort(new Comparator<ItemViewCount>() {
				@Override
				public int compare(ItemViewCount o1, ItemViewCount o2) {
					return (int) (o2.viewCount - o1.viewCount);
				}
			});

			// 将排名信息格式化成 String, 便于打印
			StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
			result.append("====================================\n");
			result.append("时间: ").append(new Timestamp(timestamp-1)).append("\n");
                        for (int i=0; i<allItems.size() && i < topSize; i++) {
				ItemViewCount currentItem = allItems.get(i);
				// No1:  商品ID=12224  浏览量=2413
				result.append("No").append(i).append(":")
					.append("  商品ID=").append(currentItem.itemId)
					.append("  浏览量=").append(currentItem.viewCount)
					.append("\n");
			}
			result.append("====================================\n\n");

			// 控制输出频率，模拟实时滚动结果
			Thread.sleep(1000);

			out.collect(result.toString());
		}
	}

	/** 商品点击量(窗口操作的输出类型) */
	public static class ItemViewCount {
		public long itemId;     // 商品ID
		public long windowEnd;  // 窗口结束时间戳
		public long viewCount;  // 商品的点击量

		public static ItemViewCount of(long itemId, long windowEnd, long viewCount) {
			ItemViewCount result = new ItemViewCount();
			result.itemId = itemId;
			result.windowEnd = windowEnd;
			result.viewCount = viewCount;
			return result;
		}
	}

	/** 用于输出窗口的结果 */
	public static class WindowResultFunction implements WindowFunction<Long, ItemViewCount, Tuple, TimeWindow> {

		@Override
		public void apply(
				Tuple key,  // 窗口的主键，即 itemId
				TimeWindow window,  // 窗口
				Iterable<Long> aggregateResult, // 聚合函数的结果，即 count 值
				Collector<ItemViewCount> collector  // 输出类型为 ItemViewCount
		) throws Exception {
			Long itemId = ((Tuple1<Long>) key).f0;
			Long count = aggregateResult.iterator().next();
			collector.collect(ItemViewCount.of(itemId, window.getEnd(), count));
		}
	}

	/** COUNT 统计的聚合函数实现，每出现一条记录加一 */
	public static class CountAgg implements AggregateFunction<UserBehavior, Long, Long> {

		@Override
		public Long createAccumulator() {
			return 0L;
		}

		@Override
		public Long add(UserBehavior userBehavior, Long acc) {
			return acc + 1;
		}

		@Override
		public Long getResult(Long acc) {
			return acc;
		}

		@Override
		public Long merge(Long acc1, Long acc2) {
			return acc1 + acc2;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 构建数据源
	 * @param env 环境
	 * @return DataStreamSource<UserBehavior>
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static DataStreamSource<UserBehavior> buildCsvResource(StreamExecutionEnvironment env) throws Exception {
		// UserBehavior.csv 的本地文件路径, 在 resources 目录下
		URL fileUrl = HotItems.class.getClassLoader().getResource("UserBehavior.csv");
		Path filePath = Path.fromLocalFile(new File(fileUrl.toURI()));
		// 抽取 UserBehavior 的 TypeInformation，是一个 PojoTypeInfo
		PojoTypeInfo<UserBehavior> pojoType = (PojoTypeInfo<UserBehavior>) TypeExtractor.createTypeInfo(UserBehavior.class);
		// 由于 Java 反射抽取出的字段顺序是不确定的，需要显式指定下文件中字段的顺序
		String[] fieldOrder = new String[]{"userId", "itemId", "categoryId", "behavior", "timestamp"};
		// 创建 PojoCsvInputFormat
		PojoCsvInputFormat<UserBehavior> csvInput = new PojoCsvInputFormat<>(filePath, pojoType, fieldOrder);

		// 创建数据源，得到 UserBehavior 类型的 DataStream
		DataStreamSource<UserBehavior> streamSource = env.createInput(csvInput, pojoType);
		return streamSource;
	}

}
